MS San Marino, Background

	The Northern Sea Route		San Marino

	BACKGROUND In 1990 San Marino's project gets started. Approximately 3 1/2 years of construction, being launched in june 1993, in Santos, Brazil. In 1994 MS San Marino begins her first voyage. It was a successful journey, 33,000 miles, 101 different bays, 62 marinas and 35 different commercial ports, 137 cities in 19 countries and in 4 continents, in approximately 9 years. Good luck helped and kept us company. No incidents, never touching bottom or entangling our propellers. Atlantic crossings in motor vessels with less than 20 meters were few, the first one was by Abiel Abbot's "Low", a Kerosene engine manufacturer who wanted to demonstrate the trustworthiness of his engines, he made the New York - Falmouth (England) passage in 38 days, with many difficulties, his boat was almost a sailing boat, open cockpit, the pilot exposed to the elements. He traveled with his 16 year old son, who was not yet a seaman, maneuvering the boat almost alone. The passage was tough, several kerosene leaks getting in to everything below deck, very stressful. They were reduced almost to survival conditions, but at the end the voyage was a success, and the engine worked like a clock. Low - 1902 The second crossing, in the same route was made by "Detroit" (35 feet) in 1912, from New York to Queenstow (today Cobh in Ireland) in 28 days, also an open cockpit vessel, with a gasoline engine. The Detroit also maintained the sailing vessel concept, with the pilot exposed to the weather and waves (to observe the sails, but with no sails!) , only the helm to hold himself to, not so comfortable in the middle of the Atlantic. Once again the engine worked wonderfully. Detroit -1912 For quite a long time no one tried to follow these seamen, and the way these voyages tested their limits of endurance. Only in 1937, the Atlantic crossing was once again achieved with a small motor vessel. The french navy painter Marin-Marie, built his own boat and left against the will of many, and predictions of disaster. The Club the Yachts de France considered having Marin-Marie restrained legally, not to risk himself in such a crazy venture. The Arielle (42 feet) completed the voyage from New York to Le Havre in 19 days, with good weather and the vessel in perfect conditions. Marin-Marie and Ariel were far ahead of their time. Arielle - 1937 In 1939 the first crossing of the Atlantic in the opposite direction was to be made. The Eckero (31 feet), conducted by a Polish man, who not obtaining a visa to the USA, shortly before WW2, took his fishing-like boat, built by himself 10 years earlier, rebuilt the diesel engine - one cylinder 10 horse power - and left, Copenhagen, Denmark, Goteborg, Sweden, Rotterdam, Holland, Dover, Southampton Falmouth England. Azores and Bermudas, with a crew consisting of two friends. 3,725 miles in 34 days. Arriving in New York with no accidents or problems, realizing one of the most incredible voyages ever completed by a small motor vessel. Eckero 1939 After these voyages, were registered the voyages of the English vessel "Aries" from England to New York in 1955, a 61 feet converted lifeboat . The voyage of the Yacht Kytra, from Europe to Newport, Rhode Island in 1963 and returning in 1964. One of the most important voyages was the one completed by Capt. Robert P. Beebe, former US Navy navigator (including the US Saratoga aircraft carrier in WW2). Having built the legendary "Passagemaker" in Singapore, 1964, based on the fishing vessels of the Northern Pacific (trawlers). Beebe traveled from Singapore to the Mediterranean, via Strait of Suez, the french waterways, to Rotterdam, to England, Bermudas, USA, aprox. 60,000 miles in 10 years, no incidents. Motorized with the legendary Diesel Ford Lehman and 5,000 liters of fuel, the "Passagemaker" was 50 feet long , 46 at water level, and a 15 feet beam. Beebe wrote the book "Voyaging Under Power", witch involves several aspects, design, construction, seamanship, life-style etc. The book inspired the construction of the MS San Marino and several other vessels including the well known company Nordhavn. Passagemaker - 1964 As strange as it may sound, a motor boat is more economic to maintain and the cost of fuel (being a semi-displacement hull) is not very high, because it can be purchased almost always "tax free". The hard part is to make it stable and seaworthy in type of situation around the globe , and enough range to cross any ocean. The MS San Marino has a range of 2,500 miles, witch is sufficient, being that the distance between Honolulu and San Francisco is 2,200 miles. Covering this passage, one can reach any part of the world, except Eastern Island. THE NORTHERN SEA ROUTE The Northeast Passage In 1553 the english attempted to find a northeastern trading route to China, through the seas. During the first expedition, led by Sir Hugh Willoughby, the ship was trapped in ice, not prepared for the cold weather, the whole crew died. After many failures, and many lost lives, in 1580 the english withdrew and the dutch started their own efforts. Sir Hugh Willoughby In 1594 the dutch believed to have found the route, Willem Barents was on such an expedition. In the following year, the dutch sent out another expedition with Barents' and several ships, heavily loaded with trading goods. The journey was not successfully. Willem Barents The dutch did not give in. In 1596 another attempt, with Barents as a pilot. The ship got locked in ice and sank east of Novaya Zemlya. The members of the expedition had to endure the extreme Arctic winter. In summer they navigated south in two small boats. Barents mapped the region, but died on the journey. Some members managed to survive, but not without suffering. Barents Map In 1648 russian seaman Semyon Ivanov Dezhnev left with Fedot Alexeyev and 90 men, 7 ships, navigating form the Kolyma River to East Cape (Mys Dezhneva). Dezhnev and 25 crewman shipwrecked, Alexeyev and crew, separated by the storm were never seen again. Dezhnev reached the Anadyr River in 10 weeks, becoming the first to navigate what is today known as The Bering Strait, proving that Asia and America were not connected and that the Northern Sea Route existed. Semyon Ivanov Dezhnev Between 1725 an 1730, Vitus Bering, of Deenmark, working in Russia, navigated from the Pacific until the Arctic Ocean From 1733 and 1742, Czar Peter the Great sent Bering, Dmitri Laptev, Alexey Chirikov, Vasily Chelyuskin and 977 men in the Great Northern Expedition. They marched the Northeast of Russia. In 1741, Bering died of scurvy along with 28 of his crew in the Commander Islands (Komandorskiye Ostrova) located in the Bering Sea. Chirikov, who commanded another ship, managed to arrive with a few men in Petropavlovsk, the majority of the crew died of thirst and scurvy. Vitus Bering Between 1878 and 1879, swedish professor, Baron Nils A. E, Nordenskjold, natural of Finland, was the first to complete the Northern Sea Route, Russian-Swedish Expedition, with the steamship "Vega". Upon the completion of the passage, the ship was trapped in ice, neat the Bering Strait, wintering in Chukchi Peninsula. Completing the passage the following spring. Nils Adolf Erik Nordenskjold Vega In 1914, the ship "Saint Anna", left Murmansk bound for Vladivostok, 7,000 miles across dangerous waters. After a few months in the the ship is trapped in ice, drifting north in the Kara Sea current for nearly one and a half years. With no hope of being rescued, the pilot Albanov and 13 of his colleagues leave the vessel and the remaining crew in search of land. With only Kayaks and sled built out of fragments of the "Saint Anna", Albanov starts his 18 months journey to Franz Josef Land (the russian archipelago nearest to the north pole), with only a broken chronometer, little supply, and a crew of inexperienced man, facing hunger, temperatures way below zero and the death of the majority of his team. Albanov persists. Albanov and his team, while sleeping in a block of ice are dumped into water. Scurvy almost kills the pilot only a few miles from his destiny. Only Albanov and a colleague survive. As they manage to arrive they are caught in the first conflicts of World-War-I, a war they new nothing about. Albanov wrote the book "In the Land of White Death", on which he narrates his voyage. Valerian Albanov Alexander Konrad Between 1914 and 1915, the world's first ice-breaker "Yermak", led by Admiral Marakov, followed by the ships "Taimer" and "Vaigach" completed the passage and discovered Severnaya Zemlya. Yermak In 1923, ice-breaker "Sibiriakov" was the first to complete the passage in one season, proving the possibility of the Northern Sea Route to becoming a commercial route. Only at the end of the 90's, the Northern Sea Route was to be completed by a small boat. Between 1997 and 1999, the first small boat to complete the passage, commanded by the famous russian mariner Nikolai Litau in the 53 ft sailboat "Apostol Andrey", navigating the passage east to west. Litau and crew tried a heroic attempted to go round Chelyuskin Cape, the northern point of the continent with an approaching winter, but the vessel was surrounded by young ice, old ice fields shifted from the north towards the yacht and "Apostol Andrey" was forced to return to Tiksy for wintering. In 1999 the route was concluded. In 2002 Eric Brossier of France in the 47 ft sailboat "Vagabond" and Arved Fuchs of Germany, in the 79 ft sailboat "Dagmar Aen", completed the passage without wintering in a extremely favorable summer for the navigation. In 2003, Henk de Velde of the Netherlands, strated the route with the 57 ft sailboat "Capina", wintering in Tiksi , northern Siberia. In august 2004, continuing the navigation, heavy ice severely damaged the rudders, passing cargo ship Yuriy Arshenevskiy hoisted Campina out of the Laptev Sea taking her to Murmansk. In 2004, Jarlath Cunnane of Ireland, navigated the passage, east-west with the 49 ft sailboat "Northabout". A year of extreme ice conditions forced "Northabout" to winter in Khatanga, completing the passage in 2005. SAN MARINO A Holy Man Arrived From the Sea The name "San Marino" was chosen for being my mother's Milena homeland , a country with 10 square miles, located near the Adriatic Sea, Northern Italy. San Marino, founded the Republic of San Marino "ancient land of liberty" in 301 D.C., the smallest and oldest republic in the world still in existence, the only one to be founded by a monk – born in the island of Arbe, in Dalmatia, today Croatia – arrived as a stonemason to work in the construction of the port of Rimini - northern Italy, Adriatic Sea – escaped to Mount Titano from the religious persecution of the christians by Roman Emperor Diocletian (before converting himself to a christian). In very little time, attracted by the fame of the holy man, others joined in and dedicated their lives to the first christian community in Mount Titano. In the meantime "Marino" was nominated deacon by the bishop of Rimini Gaudenzio, and received as a donation Mount Titano from Lady Felicissima, roman patrician converted to Christianity. Culturally the independence of the Republic of San Marino owes a lot to the holiness of it's founder, who's influence since it's beginning gives it's inhabitants a unique identity, a way of thinking inherited directly from a very charismatic person, a "holy man arrived from the sea", from far away to live his life working with humility and doing good to all who lived in Mount Titano. In Marino's death the community that around him united, did not disperse, but organized itself to a life based on the last words of the saint: “Relinquo vos liberos ab ultroque homine” "Free I leave you from the other man" Repubblica di San Marino

BACKGROUND

In 1990 San Marino's project gets started.

Approximately 3 1/2 years of construction, being launched in june 1993, in Santos, Brazil.

In 1994 MS San Marino begins her first voyage.

It was a successful journey, 33,000 miles, 101 different bays, 62 marinas and 35 different commercial ports, 137 cities in 19 countries and in 4 continents, in approximately 9 years.

Good luck helped and kept us company. No incidents, never touching bottom or entangling our propellers.

Atlantic crossings in motor vessels with less than 20 meters were few, the first one was by Abiel Abbot's "Low", a Kerosene engine manufacturer who wanted to demonstrate the trustworthiness of his engines, he made the New York - Falmouth (England) passage in 38 days, with many difficulties, his boat was almost a sailing boat, open cockpit, the pilot exposed to the elements. He traveled with his 16 year old son, who was not yet a seaman, maneuvering the boat almost alone. The passage was tough, several kerosene leaks getting in to everything below deck, very stressful. They were reduced almost to survival conditions, but at the end the voyage was a success, and the engine worked like a clock.

Low - 1902

The second crossing, in the same route was made by "Detroit" (35 feet) in 1912, from New York to Queenstow (today Cobh in Ireland) in 28 days, also an open cockpit vessel, with a gasoline engine. The Detroit also maintained the sailing vessel concept, with the pilot exposed to the weather and waves (to observe the sails, but with no sails!) , only the helm to hold himself to, not so comfortable in the middle of the Atlantic. Once again the engine worked wonderfully.

Detroit -1912

For quite a long time no one tried to follow these seamen, and the way these voyages tested their limits of endurance.

Only in 1937, the Atlantic crossing was once again achieved with a small motor vessel. The french navy painter Marin-Marie, built his own boat and left against the will of many, and predictions of disaster. The Club the Yachts de France considered having Marin-Marie restrained legally, not to risk himself in such a crazy venture. The Arielle (42 feet) completed the voyage from New York to Le Havre in 19 days, with good weather and the vessel in perfect conditions. Marin-Marie and Ariel were far ahead of their time.

Arielle - 1937

In 1939 the first crossing of the Atlantic in the opposite direction was to be made.

The Eckero (31 feet), conducted by a Polish man, who not obtaining a visa to the USA, shortly before WW2, took his fishing-like boat, built by himself 10 years earlier, rebuilt the diesel engine - one cylinder 10 horse power - and left, Copenhagen, Denmark, Goteborg, Sweden, Rotterdam, Holland, Dover, Southampton Falmouth England. Azores and Bermudas, with a crew consisting of two friends. 3,725 miles in 34 days. Arriving in New York with no accidents or problems, realizing one of the most incredible voyages ever completed by a small motor vessel.

Eckero 1939

After these voyages, were registered the voyages of the English vessel "Aries" from England to New York in 1955, a 61 feet converted lifeboat . The voyage of the Yacht Kytra, from Europe to Newport, Rhode Island in 1963 and returning in 1964.

One of the most important voyages was the one completed by Capt. Robert P. Beebe, former US Navy navigator (including the US Saratoga aircraft carrier in WW2). Having built the legendary "Passagemaker" in Singapore, 1964, based on the fishing vessels of the Northern Pacific (trawlers).

Beebe traveled from Singapore to the Mediterranean, via Strait of Suez, the french waterways, to Rotterdam, to England, Bermudas, USA, aprox. 60,000 miles in 10 years, no incidents.

Motorized with the legendary Diesel Ford Lehman and 5,000 liters of fuel, the "Passagemaker" was 50 feet long , 46 at water level, and a 15 feet beam.

Beebe wrote the book "Voyaging Under Power", witch involves several aspects, design, construction, seamanship, life-style etc. The book inspired the construction of the MS San Marino and several other vessels including the well known company Nordhavn.

Passagemaker - 1964

As strange as it may sound, a motor boat is more economic to maintain and the cost of fuel (being a semi-displacement hull) is not very high, because it can be purchased almost always "tax free".

The hard part is to make it stable and seaworthy in type of situation around the globe , and enough range to cross any ocean.

The MS San Marino has a range of 2,500 miles, witch is sufficient, being that the distance between Honolulu and San Francisco is 2,200 miles. Covering this passage, one can reach any part of the world, except Eastern Island.

THE NORTHERN SEA ROUTE

The Northeast Passage

In 1553 the english attempted to find a northeastern trading route to China, through the seas.

During the first expedition, led by Sir Hugh Willoughby, the ship was trapped in ice, not prepared for the cold weather, the whole crew died. After many failures, and many lost lives, in 1580 the english withdrew and the dutch started their own efforts.

Sir Hugh Willoughby

In 1594 the dutch believed to have found the route, Willem Barents was on such an expedition. In the following year, the dutch sent out another expedition with Barents' and several ships, heavily loaded with trading goods. The journey was not successfully.

Willem Barents Ship Willem Barents

The dutch did not give in. In 1596 another attempt, with Barents as a pilot. The ship got locked in ice and sank east of Novaya Zemlya. The members of the expedition had to endure the extreme Arctic winter. In summer they navigated south in two small boats. Barents mapped the region, but died on the journey. Some members managed to survive, but not without suffering.

Barents Map

In 1648 russian seaman Semyon Ivanov Dezhnev left with Fedot Alexeyev and 90 men, 7 ships, navigating form the Kolyma River to East Cape (Mys Dezhneva). Dezhnev and 25 crewman shipwrecked, Alexeyev and crew, separated by the storm were never seen again.

Dezhnev reached the Anadyr River in 10 weeks, becoming the first to navigate what is today known as The Bering Strait, proving that Asia and America were not connected and that the Northern Sea Route existed.

Dezhnev Semyon Ivanov Dezhnev Dezhnev Ship

Between 1725 an 1730, Vitus Bering, of Deenmark, working in Russia, navigated from the Pacific until the Arctic Ocean

From 1733 and 1742, Czar Peter the Great sent Bering, Dmitri Laptev, Alexey Chirikov, Vasily Chelyuskin and 977 men in the Great Northern Expedition. They marched the Northeast of Russia.

In 1741, Bering died of scurvy along with 28 of his crew in the Commander Islands (Komandorskiye Ostrova) located in the Bering Sea. Chirikov, who commanded another ship, managed to arrive with a few men in Petropavlovsk, the majority of the crew died of thirst and scurvy.

Vitus Bering

Between 1878 and 1879, swedish professor, Baron Nils A. E, Nordenskjold, natural of Finland, was the first to complete the Northern Sea Route, Russian-Swedish Expedition, with the steamship "Vega". Upon the completion of the passage, the ship was trapped in ice, neat the Bering Strait, wintering in Chukchi Peninsula. Completing the passage the following spring.

Norddenskjold Nils Adolf Erik Nordenskjold Vega Vega

In 1914, the ship "Saint Anna", left Murmansk bound for Vladivostok, 7,000 miles across dangerous waters. After a few months in the the ship is trapped in ice, drifting north in the Kara Sea current for nearly one and a half years.

With no hope of being rescued, the pilot Albanov and 13 of his colleagues leave the vessel and the remaining crew in search of land. With only Kayaks and sled built out of fragments of the "Saint Anna", Albanov starts his 18 months journey to Franz Josef Land (the russian archipelago nearest to the north pole), with only a broken chronometer, little supply, and a crew of inexperienced man, facing hunger, temperatures way below zero and the death of the majority of his team. Albanov persists.

Albanov Drawing

Albanov and his team, while sleeping in a block of ice are dumped into water. Scurvy almost kills the pilot only a few miles from his destiny. Only Albanov and a colleague survive. As they manage to arrive they are caught in the first conflicts of World-War-I, a war they new nothing about. Albanov wrote the book "In the Land of White Death", on which he narrates his voyage.

Valerian Albanov Alexander Konrad

Between 1914 and 1915, the world's first ice-breaker "Yermak", led by Admiral Marakov, followed by the ships "Taimer" and "Vaigach" completed the passage and discovered Severnaya Zemlya.

Yermak Yermak

In 1923, ice-breaker "Sibiriakov" was the first to complete the passage in one season, proving the possibility of the Northern Sea Route to becoming a commercial route.

Only at the end of the 90's, the Northern Sea Route was to be completed by a small boat.

Between 1997 and 1999, the first small boat to complete the passage, commanded by the famous russian mariner Nikolai Litau in the 53 ft sailboat "Apostol Andrey", navigating the passage east to west.

Litau and crew tried a heroic attempted to go round Chelyuskin Cape, the northern point of the continent with an approaching winter, but the vessel was surrounded by young ice, old ice fields shifted from the north towards the yacht and "Apostol Andrey" was forced to return to Tiksy for wintering. In 1999 the route was concluded.

In 2002 Eric Brossier of France in the 47 ft sailboat "Vagabond" and Arved Fuchs of Germany, in the 79 ft sailboat "Dagmar Aen", completed the passage without wintering in a extremely favorable summer for the navigation.

In 2003, Henk de Velde of the Netherlands, strated the route with the 57 ft sailboat "Capina", wintering in Tiksi , northern Siberia. In august 2004, continuing the navigation, heavy ice severely damaged the rudders, passing cargo ship Yuriy Arshenevskiy hoisted Campina out of the Laptev Sea taking her to Murmansk.

In 2004, Jarlath Cunnane of Ireland, navigated the passage, east-west with the 49 ft sailboat "Northabout". A year of extreme ice conditions forced "Northabout" to winter in Khatanga, completing the passage in 2005.

SAN MARINO

San Marino

A Holy Man Arrived From the Sea

The name "San Marino" was chosen for being my mother's Milena homeland , a country with 10 square miles, located near the Adriatic Sea, Northern Italy.

San Marino, founded the Republic of San Marino "ancient land of liberty" in 301 D.C., the smallest and oldest republic in the world still in existence, the only one to be founded by a monk – born in the island of Arbe, in Dalmatia, today Croatia – arrived as a stonemason to work in the construction of the port of Rimini - northern Italy, Adriatic Sea – escaped to Mount Titano from the religious persecution of the christians by Roman Emperor Diocletian (before converting himself to a christian).

In very little time, attracted by the fame of the holy man, others joined in and dedicated their lives to the first christian community in Mount Titano.

In the meantime "Marino" was nominated deacon by the bishop of Rimini Gaudenzio, and received as a donation Mount Titano from Lady Felicissima, roman patrician converted to Christianity.

Culturally the independence of the Republic of San Marino owes a lot to the holiness of it's founder, who's influence since it's beginning gives it's inhabitants a unique identity, a way of thinking inherited directly from a very charismatic person, a "holy man arrived from the sea", from far away to live his life working with humility and doing good to all who lived in Mount Titano.

In Marino's death the community that around him united, did not disperse, but organized itself to a life based on the last words of the saint:

“Relinquo vos liberos ab ultroque homine”

"Free I leave you from the other man"

Repubblica di San Marino

Home	Route	Vessel	Top of this page